Question. 2) Discuss why management needs information. Is it
possible for the management of an organization to make effective decisions without
the aid of an information system? Discuss.
Ans:
Information management in an enterprise has become a daunting
challenge for CIOs because of:
- Rapid
growth of data driven by voice, video, and the structured and now
unstructured data collected for analytics
- Complexity
of the enterprise infrastructure driven by mobility, data center
virtualization and the cloud
- Risks
due to privacy, security, eDiscovery and compliance
To help CIOs tackle the challenge of information management
we present an information management hierarchy of needs (see picture) when
satisfied helps the enterprise achieve Information Nirvana. As
with Maslow’s theory, IT organizations are motivated to address
unsatisfied information management needs. Also very importantly lower level
needs have to be satisfied before higher level needs are addressed. The
consequence of not doing so will be poor economies of scale for storage and
information management, continuous cycles of build, re-architecture,
re-build and constant firefighting.
- The CIO’s task is not done till needs
at all levels are satisfied. Systematically addressing the needs at
every step gives the enterprise an Information Advantage at every
step. The final level is the long term realization of the elusive Business
Value of Information. This is Information Nirvana.
Storage
At the most basic level enterprise data needs a storage
foundation that is secure, scalable, and available and enables flexible access.
The storage will have to meet the latency and bandwidth needs of the application
use case. Information security and privacy has to be assured by this storage
foundation.
Efficiencies
The need for improved efficiencies and reduced operational
cost of storage and management drives the adoption of system-driven
processes. A process approach that is repeatable and consistent is also
essential for institutionalizing best practices in the organization for the
long term.
Governance
An enterprise with a secure foundation and system-driven
processes for cost efficiencies still has risk associated with information that
it retains. The risk of information is managed through the development
of holistic policies for access, retention, destruction, etc, across
all information and applied consistently across information types, media and
formats. Policy control enables information governance and helps
organizations proactively manage information liability.
Value
The ultimate goal of managing data and information is to
derive business insight and to make information actionable. A data
driven business will have a competitive advantage by using data and
information to improve customer facing business processes, reduce time to
market, and make the business agile.
Enterprise can develop a framework for deployment of
technologies based on this hierarchy of information management needs. Others
have advocated information management maturity models and information
management journey approaches with similar goals to help enterprises address
their huge information management challenge.
I feel that an organization that goes about systematically
addressing the lower level information management needs will reduce churn and
more efficiently and predictably realize business value from information.
The organization as a result will also have the processes, culture and
architecture in place to better adapt and evolve as the needs change.
What do you think of viewing information management as a hierarchy of
needs?
making on planning, initiating, organizing, and controlling
the operations of the subsystems of the form and to provide a synergetic
organization in the process. Decision Support System: It is sometimes described
as the next evolutionary step after Management Information Systems (MIS) . MIS
support decision making in both structured and unstructured problem
environments.. It supports decision making at all levels of the organization
.IS (Information Systems) are intended to be woven into the fabric of the
organizations , not standing alone. IS support all aspects of the decision
making process.MIS are made of people, computers, procedures, databases,
interactive query facilities and so on. They are intended to be
evolutionary/adaptive and easy for people to use. The human intelligence is
closely related with the human experience and decision making skills which is
strongly backed by information's. Now a day's in every field of human working
right information is considered as the most important resource of good decision
making. Every organization runs by the managers of organization, who are making
decisions in every step of organizational activities. Due to the importance of
information in decision making a separate field has emerged to serve the
appropriate information's to managers for effective and good decision making
purpose. Serving the suitable information use to pass through a process called
management information system as the information is using to make management
decisions. Management Information System sounds very much related with
technology yes now it is absolutely true but manual procedures of delivering
information's to the managers is also available in backdated organizations of
the world. Basically the technology based information system is not very old.
In past organizations used to use traditional management information system.
The main purpose of management information system is to ensure the flow of
appropriate information to the appropriate people of organization as well as
parties related with organization. So that they can (Internal and external
decision makers) can make good decisions for running the organization. The
entire process objective is to provide complete, timely, reliable and quality
information's to the decision makers. Todays managers depend on information
systems for decision making. The managers have handful of data around them but
manually they cannot process the data accurately and with in the short period
of time available to them due to heavy competition in modern world. Therefore
mangers depend on information systems.
MS 07 IGNOU MBA Solved Assignment
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